Seamen in Sydney go on strike against employment of low-paid Chinese crews on ships. The strike spreads to other ports in New South Wales, Queensland

Queensland Chinese Immigrants Regulation Act and Gold Fields Act Amendment Act impose restrictions on Chinese immigration and on their access to the goldfields. Anti-Chinese riot

Truganini, believed to be the last surviving tribal Tasmanian Aborigine, dies in Hobart.

Rioting occurs at Clunes, Victoria when Chinese are used to break a miners’ strike.

Arrivals from Ireland peak at 200,000. Up to World War 1 the Irish, after the English, form the second largest component of immigrant community. They

Victorian Board for the Protection of Aborigines is established. The Governor can order the removal of any child to a reformatory or industrial school. The

150 Aboriginal people are killed resisting arrest in the Kimberley. Queensland Polynesian Labourers Act is passed to regulate the indenture of workers from the Pacific

Anti-Chinese legislation in Victoria is lifted and later reintroduced. Anti-Chinese riot occurs on Crocodile Creek goldfields in Queensland. New South Wales repeals restrictions on Chinese

Government station is established at Somerset, on tip of Cape York peninsula, marking beginning of the impact of European settlement on Torres Strait Islands. Missionary

Anti-Chinese riot takes place at Lambing Flat on New South Wales goldfields. New South Wales Parliament passes Chinese Immigrants Regulation and Restriction Act, imposing a

Migrants from many parts of Europe and Asia, including Poland, India, Iran, Egypt and Turkey continue to arrive as labourers. Large scale Irish immigration continues.

Non-Aboriginal population reaches 1 million.

Aboriginal people attack settlers on Dawson River, Queensland, leading to reprisals by local squatters and police. South Australia passes an anti-Chinese Restriction Bill and anti-Chinese

Victoria passes the first anti-Chinese restriction legislation, imposing a 10 pound poll tax on Chinese arriving in Victoria.

The development of a system of pastoral leases in South Australia begins. Governor Young insists that all pastoral leases should include reservations in favour of